吉川 洋(よしかわ ひろし、1951–2025) 経済学者。東京大学名誉教授。専門はマクロ経済学と経済政策で、日本経済の成長、財政・金融政策、社会保障制度などを幅広く研究した。政府の経済財政諮問会議議員や社会保障制度改革国民会議会長などを歴任し、学術研究と政策立案の両面から日本の経済政策に大きな役割を果たした。代表作『人口と日本経済』(原題: "Population Aging and the Japanese Economy")は、少子高齢化が日本経済に与える影響と、その課題への対応を多角的に論じた著作として知られている。
Hiroshi Yoshikawa (1951–2025) was a Japanese economist and Professor Emeritus at the University of Tokyo. Specializing in macroeconomics and economic policy, he conducted influential research on Japan's economic growth, fiscal and monetary policy, and social security. He also played a leading role in public policy, serving on the Council on Economic and Fiscal Policy and chairing the National Council on Social Security Reform. His best-known work, "Population Aging and the Japanese Economy," examines the economic implications of Japan's demographic transition and the policy challenges posed by an aging society.