ローベルト・メナッセ（1954年–）は、ヨーロッパ統合、国民国家、歴史と記憶を主題とするオーストリアの小説家、エッセイスト。ウィーンに生まれ、ウィーン、ザルツブルク、メッシーナでドイツ文学、哲学、政治学を学び、1980年に文学研究で博士号を取得した。サンパウロ大学では6年間、オーストリア文学や文学理論を教え、ヘーゲル、ルカーチ、ベンヤミン、アドルノなどの哲学・美学を講じた。1988年にブラジルから帰国し、主にウィーンを拠点に小説と文化批評の執筆に取り組んだ。2010年にはEUを扱う小説の取材のためブリュッセルに滞在。その調査から生まれた『Enraged Citizens, European Peace and Democratic Deficits』（未邦訳）では、欧州石炭鉄鋼共同体に始まる統合の歴史と、欧州委員会、欧州議会、欧州理事会の関係を検討し、金融危機として理解される問題の政治的構造を論じた。『首都』（原題 “Die Hauptstadt”、英題 “The Capital”）では、欧州委員会の記念事業を進める官僚たちやホロコースト生存者などの物語を交差させ、国家を超える共同体の理念と各国の利害、アウシュヴィッツの記憶を描き、2017年のドイツ書籍賞を受賞した。
Robert Menasse (born 1954) is an Austrian novelist and essayist whose work explores European integration, the nation-state, history and memory. Born in Vienna, he studied German literature, philosophy and political science in Vienna, Salzburg and Messina, receiving his doctorate in 1980. He then taught Austrian literature and literary theory for six years at the University of São Paulo, including courses on philosophical and aesthetic theories associated with Hegel, Lukács, Benjamin and Adorno. After returning from Brazil in 1988, he worked mainly in Vienna as a novelist and cultural essayist. In 2010 he went to Brussels to research a novel about the European Union. The research first resulted in Enraged Citizens, European Peace and Democratic Deficits, which examined the history of integration from the European Coal and Steel Community and the tensions among the Commission, Parliament and Council. It argued that problems often attributed to the financial crisis had political roots. His novel The Capital, originally Die Hauptstadt and translated into Japanese as 首都, brought together European Commission officials planning a commemorative project, a Holocaust survivor and other intersecting lives. Its account of supranational ideals, national interests and the memory of Auschwitz received the German Book Prize in 2017.
