Ayako Kondo (born 1979) is a Japanese economist and Professor at the Institute of Social Science, the University of Tokyo. After graduating from the University of Tokyo, she earned a Ph.D. in Economics from Columbia University. She previously held academic positions at Osaka University, Hosei University, Yokohama National University, and the University of Tokyo before becoming Professor in 2020. Specializing in labor economics, her research focuses on employment, wages, childcare, social security, demographic change, and the long-term effects of Japan's "Employment Ice Age" generation, using large-scale administrative and survey data. She received the Japan Academy Medal in 2023 and the Jiro Enjoji Memorial Award in 2024. Her notable books include "The Employment Ice Age Generation," "Understanding, Thinking About, and Changing Society" (editor), "Why Aren't Wages Rising Despite Labor Shortages?" (co-author), and "Japan's Labor Market" (co-author).