宮本正興（みやもと・まさおき、1941年生まれ）は、日本のアフリカ研究者、文化人類学者。東京外国語大学名誉教授。東京外国語大学外国語学部卒業後、同大学大学院で学び、長年にわたりアフリカの歴史、文化、社会、言語を研究してきた。専門はアフリカ地域研究、文化人類学、スワヒリ語で、アフリカ研究の草創期から日本における同分野の発展を牽引した一人として知られる。アフリカの多様な文化や思想を広く紹介するとともに、数多くの研究者の育成にも尽力した。著書に『アフリカを知る事典』（編著）、『スワヒリ文学の風土』『アフリカ文化論』『ことばと文化のアフリカ』などがある。
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Masaoki Miyamoto (born 1941) is a Japanese Africanist, cultural anthropologist, and Professor Emeritus at Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. After graduating from Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, he pursued a lifelong career researching the history, cultures, languages, and societies of Africa. Specializing in African studies, cultural anthropology, and Swahili language and literature, he has played a pioneering role in establishing African studies as an academic field in Japan. Through his research, teaching, and numerous publications, he has introduced the richness and diversity of African cultures to Japanese readers and mentored generations of scholars. His notable works include the edited volume "Encyclopedia of Africa," "The Cultural Landscape of Swahili Literature," "Studies in African Culture," and "Africa through Language and Culture."
