エイドリアン・レイン（Adrian Raine、1954–） イギリス生まれの神経科学者、心理学者。ペンシルベニア大学で神経犯罪学（ニューロクリミノロジー）の研究を進め、犯罪行動と脳機能、遺伝、環境との関係を明らかにしてきた。この分野の確立に大きく貢献した研究者として知られる。『暴力の解剖学』（原題 "The Anatomy of Violence: The Biological Roots of Crime"）は、脳画像研究や遺伝学、心理学の成果をもとに、暴力や犯罪の生物学的要因を探り、犯罪予防や刑事司法のあり方を考察している。
Adrian Raine (born 1954) is a British-born neuroscientist and psychologist. A professor at the University of Pennsylvania, he is widely recognized as a pioneer of neurocriminology, exploring the links between criminal behavior, brain function, genetics, and environmental factors. His research has helped establish the biological study of violence and antisocial behavior as a major field of inquiry. His best-known book, "The Anatomy of Violence: The Biological Roots of Crime," draws on findings from brain imaging, genetics, and psychology to examine the biological roots of violent behavior and their implications for crime prevention and criminal justice.
